Oluwombo - The Story of the Clans of Buganda

Storytelling Central, Kampala Baganda Luganda20 March 2023
Oluwombo - The Story of the Clans of Buganda

Description

Oluwombo is a traditional storytelling session recounting the origins of the 52 clans (Ebika) of the Baganda people. This oral tradition has been the primary means of transmitting clan histories, totems, and taboos from one generation to the next. The storyteller, known as "Omukugu w'olugero," uses dramatic narration, proverbs, and songs to bring these ancient histories to life.

Historical Background

The Baganda clan system is one of the most organized and well-documented in East Africa. Each of the 52 clans has its own totem (omuziro), taboo (omukibi), and origin story. The tradition of communal storytelling around the fireplace (ekikoomi) has been practiced since the founding of the Buganda Kingdom by Kintu, the legendary first Kabaka. These stories were traditionally told by clan elders during evening gatherings and played a crucial role in establishing social identity and maintaining kinship bonds.

Story Summary

Elder storyteller Ssalongo Kiwanuka narrates the story of how Kintu, the first man and first Kabaka of Buganda, arrived in the land with his cow Nambi. The story describes his encounter with Nambi, daughter of Gulu (the sky god), their marriage, and the establishment of the first clans. Ssalongo weaves in the origins of the Ffumbe (Civet Cat) clan, the Ngo (Leopard) clan, and the Mpologoma (Lion) clan, explaining their totems and ancestral roles in the kingdom.

Cast & Performers

Ssalongo Joseph Kiwanuka (Master Storyteller), Nnalongo Harriet Nakabugo (Song Leader), Children of Kibuye Primary School (Audience Participants)

Transcript

Ssalongo Kiwanuka begins in the traditional manner, calling out "Olugero! Olugero!" to which the gathered audience responds "Lugero!" signaling their readiness to listen. He settles into his wooden stool, adjusts his kanzu, and begins. "In the beginning, before the hills of Buganda were named, before the rivers knew which way to flow, there came a man called Kintu. He walked alone across the great grasslands, and with him was only his cow, the beloved Nambi. This cow was everything to Kintu - his food, his companion, his wealth. And the land was empty of people, for Kintu was the first." The audience of children leans forward, captivated. Nnalongo Nakabugo begins a soft melodic chant, the traditional accompaniment to the Kintu narrative. Ssalongo continues, his voice rising and falling with dramatic effect. "But Gulu, who lived in the sky above, had a daughter also named Nambi. And when she looked down and saw Kintu wandering alone with his cow, her heart was moved with compassion and love. She descended to the earth and said to Kintu, 'I wish to be your wife.' And so began the great story of our people, the Baganda." He pauses, letting the weight of the origin story settle before transitioning into the clan origins, explaining how each clan received its totem animal and its designated responsibilities within the kingdom.

Audio Recording

Audio may not be available for all records.

Video Recording

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